Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
type: channel
description: The Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (ISSN 2994-9521) is a distinguished, double-blind, peer-reviewed publication that operates on a monthly basis. Dedicated to advancing the frontiers of knowledge, this esteemed international journal serves as a vital platform for academics, researchers, and educators to share their profound insights and expertise with a global audience. With an unwavering commitment to excellence, EIMJ publishes cutting-edge research that delves deep into multifaceted topics, enriching the scholarly landscape. Emphasizing the significance of rigorous evaluation, the journal boasts a swift and meticulous peer review process, ensuring the dissemination of high-quality and well-vetted contributions to the academic community worldwide. JOURNAL INFORMATION Journal title : Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education Initials : IJME Abbreviation : Int. Multi. Jour. Edu. Frequency : Monthly Published DOI : Publisher Association : Antis Publishing House Online ISSN : 2994-9521 Collaboration Institution : Tashkent branch of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Publisher : Multi Journals Press Citation Analysis : IEEE Reference Style Accreditation : - Abstracting and Indexing : Click here
publisher: Multi Journals Press
language: en
publication name: Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
issn: 2994-9521
items: Factors Influencing The Formation and Development of Professional Competence among Preschool Education Directors
items: The Pragmatic Function of Language and Meaning Formation
items: Cognitive Analysis of Allusive Units in English and Uzbek Languages
items: Developing Technological Creativity Competence of Future Engineers in The Education Cluster Environment
items: Gender Transformations in Uzbek Society and Their Impact on Youth Preparation for Family Life: Balancing Tradition and Modernity
items: Improvement and Analysis of Hybrid Energy Generation Systems in Wastewater Flows
items: Cultural Concepts in English Aphorisms: Time, Life, Success, Money, Indivdualism and Pragmatism
items: Modern Pedagogical Technologies in Teaching Musical Disciplines
items: The Concept of “Magic” in Religious Picture of The World
items: Maternal Influence And Female Identity in A Thousand Splendid Suns
items: Parental Responsibility and The Pedagogical-Psychological Characteristics of Educational Position
items: Integrating Digital Technologies to Enhance Teaching and Learning
items: Social Media Exposure Improves Students’ Writing Skills in English 8
items: Statistical Analysis of Attitude Indicators Towards Psychological Services Among Higher Education Students Based on Age Factors
items: The Role of Language in Human Communication: Cognitive, Social, and Technological Dimensions in the Digital Era
items: Impact of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Student Attention and Learning Outcomes
items: Methodological Challenges in Contemporary Linguistics
items: Integration of Foreign Experiences in Developing Socio-Historical Competencies of Engineering Students
items: Invisible on Screen, Visible in Struggle: Dalit Feminism between Media Representation and Grassroots Politics
items: Role of Civil Society Organisations in Environmental Protection
items: Fixation of Criminal Liability on Public Servant for Violation of RTI Law
items: Technologies for the Formation of Creative Thinking Through Interactive and Innovative Approaches to Teaching Physics
items: Karim Yoldoshev’s Directing: The Poetics of Stage Space and Visual Solutions
items: Assessing the Effectiveness of Visual Support Strategies in Enhancing the Reading Achievement of Inclusive Learners
items: The Fractured Dream: Identity and Disillusionment in Modern American Fiction
items: Assessing Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and its Influence on the Delivery of Quality Instruction in Mainstreamed Classrooms
items: Evaluation of the Trends of Students’ Academic Performance in Basic Science in Secondary Schools in a Hoada East LGA (2020–2024)
items: Effect of Model- Lead-Test (MLT) Instructional Strategy on Students Academic Performance in Basic Science in Secondary Schools in Rivers State
items: Self-Efficacy among Undergraduate Students in West Bengal: A Multidimensional Analysis
items: The Importance of STEAM Education in Helping Students Acquire Life Skills

Factors Influencing The Formation and Development of Professional Competence among Preschool Education Directors
type: item
description: This article provides a theoretical analysis of the role of international best practices in the development of professional competence among preschool education organization directors. The study examines leadership competencies, curriculum development processes, effective community engagement, and the integration of technologies through a comprehensive approach. Based on international experience, the impact of transformational leadership, mentorship, and collaboration mechanisms on directors’ professional activities is revealed. Furthermore, the article proposes a model for assessing the professional competence of preschool education directors, highlighting its role in enhancing leadership effectiveness, improving the quality of education, and supporting the holistic development of children.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Preschool Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Director Competence
  topic: keywords
subject: Professional Development
  topic: keywords
subject: International Best Practices
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership Competencies
  topic: keywords
subject: Transformational Leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Curriculum Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Technologies
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality of Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Farkhodova Makhliyobonu Khusanjon Kizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Farkhodova Makhliyobonu Khusanjon Kizi (Author)
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 6
ending page: 11
doi: 10.5281/

The Pragmatic Function of Language and Meaning Formation
type: item
description: This paper examines the pragmatic function of language, focusing on how meaning is created, interpreted, and communicated in real life. It also emphasizes that linguistic meaning contains both stable (invariant) and context-dependent (variable) elements that change depending on the speaker, the situation, and communicative intentions. The author provides examples from various languages ​​illustrating how the same concept can be understood differently in different cultures and contexts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Language
  topic: keywords
subject: Meaning
  topic: keywords
subject: Pragmatics
  topic: keywords
subject: Invariant and Variant Meaning
  topic: keywords
subject: Interpretation
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Variability
  topic: keywords
creator: Solieva Munavvar Ahmadovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Solieva Munavvar Ahmadovna (Author)
date: 2026-05-06
publication date: 2026-05-06
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.5281/

Cognitive Analysis of Allusive Units in English and Uzbek Languages
type: item
description: This article presents a comparative cognitive analysis of allusive units in English and Uzbek. Allusive units are linguistic expressions that indirectly refer to another text, historical figure, literary character, or cultural event. From a cognitive linguistics perspective, such units activate mental structures such as frames, scripts, and concepts. The article analyzes allusive units from English that include ancient mythology, the Bible, Shakespeare, modern cinema, and Uzbek literature, which analyzes classical Oriental literature, folk epics, Islamic sources, and Uzbek cinema with numerous examples. The comparative analysis reveals that while the frame mechanism operates identically in both languages, the source bases and cultural contexts differ fundamentally. Translation problems and strategies for rendering allusive units are also discussed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cognitive Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Concept
  topic: keywords
subject: English
  topic: keywords
subject: Frame
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: National-Cultural Specificity
  topic: keywords
subject: Script
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbek
  topic: keywords
subject: Translation Strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Artikov Azamatjon Xolmurodovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Artikov Azamatjon Xolmurodovich (Author)
date: 2026-05-03
publication date: 2026-05-03
starting page: 67
ending page: 72
doi: 10.5281/

Developing Technological Creativity Competence of Future Engineers in The Education Cluster Environment
type: item
description: This article examines the methodological foundations for developing the technological creativity competence of future engineers in an education cluster environment. The central argument is that technological creativity in engineering education cannot be reduced to occasional inventive tasks or isolated project work. It should be cultivated as an integrated competence combining creative thinking, engineering design, interdisciplinary cooperation, technological literacy, reflective judgment, and the ability to solve real-world problems in collaboration with external stakeholders. In this article, the education cluster environment is understood as a pedagogical ecosystem that unites higher education institutions, schools, research units, enterprises, innovation platforms, and professional communities around shared educational and technological tasks.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Technological Creativity Competence
  topic: keywords
subject: Future Engineers
  topic: keywords
subject: Engineering Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Education Cluster Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Competence-Based Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Rajabov Giyosiddin Buvanor ugli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rajabov Giyosiddin Buvanor ugli (Author)
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 63
ending page: 66
doi: 10.5281/

Gender Transformations in Uzbek Society and Their Impact on Youth Preparation for Family Life: Balancing Tradition and Modernity
type: item
description: In recent decades, Uzbek society has experienced significant gender transformations influenced by globalization, economic reforms, digitalization, and evolving cultural norms. These transformations have redefined traditional roles of men and women, reshaping family structures, expectations, and preparation of youth for family life. This study aims to explore the dynamics of gender role changes in Uzbekistan and analyze their implications for the readiness of young people to build and sustain families. Using an analytical and conceptual research design, the study integrates findings from sociological, pedagogical, and psychological literature published between 2010 and 2025. The results reveal that while traditional values such as respect for family hierarchy and gender complementarity remain influential, modern tendencies—such as women's increased participation in education and employment, and shifting expectations of men—are creating a hybrid model of family roles. However, this transition is accompanied by contradictions, including role conflict, identity uncertainty, and insufficient preparation for equitable partnerships. The study concludes that effective youth preparation for family life requires a balanced pedagogical approach that integrates cultural heritage with modern competencies such as communication, emotional intelligence, and shared responsibility. The findings have implications for educational policy, family pedagogy, and youth development programs in Central Asia.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbek society
  topic: keywords
subject: family life preparation
  topic: keywords
subject: youth development
  topic: keywords
subject: traditional values
  topic: keywords
subject: modernity
  topic: keywords
subject: gender roles
  topic: keywords
subject: family pedagogy
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-28
publication date: 2026-04-28
starting page: 57
ending page: 62
doi: 10.5281/

Improvement and Analysis of Hybrid Energy Generation Systems in Wastewater Flows
type: item
description: In recent years, the increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has intensified interest in utilizing wastewater as a viable alternative energy source. This study presents the development and analysis of a hybrid energy generation system designed for wastewater flow environments, with a particular focus on low-pressure conditions. The proposed system integrates multiple energy conversion mechanisms, including micro-hydropower turbines, piezoelectric transducers, and microbial fuel cells. Key system parameters—such as flow velocity, channel geometry, and electrode configuration—are systematically optimized to enhance overall energy conversion efficiency. The hybrid model is developed through a combination of theoretical analysis and experimental validation. Results demonstrate that the integration of mechanical and bioelectrochemical energy conversion techniques significantly improves energy output compared to standalone systems. Notably, microbial fuel cells enable continuous electricity generation by utilizing organic matter present in wastewater, while piezoelectric components effectively harvest energy from flow-induced vibrations. The findings highlight the potential of hybrid systems as efficient and sustainable solutions for energy recovery in wastewater infrastructure.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Wastewater Energy
  topic: keywords
subject: Hybrid Energy System
  topic: keywords
subject: Microbial Fuel Cells
  topic: keywords
subject: Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
  topic: keywords
subject: Micro-Hydropower
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Energy
  topic: keywords
creator: Obidova Z.
creator: Komilov M.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Obidova Z., Komilov M. (Author)
date: 2026-04-23
publication date: 2026-04-23
starting page: 54
ending page: 56
doi: 10.5281/

Cultural Concepts in English Aphorisms: Time, Life, Success, Money, Indivdualism and Pragmatism
type: item
description: This paper investigates the representation of cultural concepts in English aphorisms, focusing on TIME, LIFE, SUCCESS, and MONEY, as well as the broader cultural orientations of individualism and pragmatism. Aphorisms, as condensed forms of cultural knowledge, reflect collective beliefs and values embedded in language. Using a qualitative and cognitive-linguistic approach, this study analyzes selected aphorisms to uncover underlying conceptual metaphors and cultural models. The findings demonstrate that English aphorisms emphasize efficiency, productivity, personal responsibility, and practical reasoning. These features reflect the influence of Western socio-economic and philosophical traditions. The research contributes to cultural linguistics by illustrating how language encodes and transmits cultural meaning across generations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Aphorisms
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Conceptual Metaphor
  topic: keywords
subject: Individualism
  topic: keywords
subject: Pragmatism
  topic: keywords
creator: Akramov Izzatulla Ikromovich
creator: Subhonova Shohida Erdonovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Akramov Izzatulla Ikromovich, Subhonova Shohida Erdonovna (Author)
date: 2026-04-17
publication date: 2026-04-17
starting page: 47
ending page: 53
doi: 10.5281/

Modern Pedagogical Technologies in Teaching Musical Disciplines
type: item
description: Much of the development that has occurred in educational systems has impacted on what is now mentioned in these musical subjects. However, such a traditional music pedagogy is increasingly complemented by trending pedagogical technologies: digital platforms, artificial intelligence (AI), multimedia tools and other interactive environments for learning. UNESCO recognized it as a science and started building PTH in open educational space, but specialists experienced challenges during its application. Using an analytical and conceptual research design to explore the topic, the study synthesizes existing theoretical and empirical literature (2015–2026) in order to highlight trends, affordances and limitations as music pedagogy faces technology-based musical practice. The findings indicate that existing technologies will improve personalization, engagement accessibility and assessment in music learning. But persistent digital divides, teacher preparedness and ethical concerns remain major hurdles. Unless the art that deconstructs and sulks, maintains: do not mistake revolutionary and also traditional criteria.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Music Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Interactive Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Technology
  topic: keywords
creator: Zarifa Gulyamovna Karimova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Zarifa Gulyamovna Karimova (Author)
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 41
ending page: 46
doi: 10.5281/

The Concept of “Magic” in Religious Picture of The World
type: item
description: The concept of “magic” in two different religions is portrayed and interpreted in a surprisingly similar way. Magic has long been in existence in all cultures and traditions; it has preserved its impacts and importance regardless of such significant changes as civilization, urbanization and globalization. People in all parts of the world have had faith in magical beliefs ever since. This work provides a clear understanding of how magic is represented in two religions with relevant examples from reliable religious sources.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Magic
  topic: keywords
subject: Religion
  topic: keywords
subject: Portray
  topic: keywords
subject: Prohibition
  topic: keywords
subject: Witchcraft
  topic: keywords
subject: Spell
  topic: keywords
creator: Djumaeva Nozima Djuraboevna
creator: Bakhshilloeva Nigina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Djumaeva Nozima Djuraboevna, Bakhshilloeva Nigina (Author)
date: 2026-04-12
publication date: 2026-04-12
starting page: 37
ending page: 40
doi: 10.5281/

Maternal Influence And Female Identity in A Thousand Splendid Suns
type: item
description: In patriarchal societies where women’s roles are socially restricted and culturally defined, motherhood has long been recognized as a central factor in the formation of identity. In literary studies, the analysis of mother daughter relationships offers valuable insights into the psychological mechanisms through which identity is constructed, transmitted, and transformed. Feminist, socio political, and postcolonial frameworks has been widely examined in the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini. Gender oppression, war, and female resilience primarily draw attention of scholars. Nevertheless, relatively minimal attention has been paid to the psychological dimension of maternal influence, particularly the ways in which maternal narratives are reflected and later reconcidered by female characters. This study argues that maternal influence is not just a fixed social role, the novel operates it as a dynamic and evolving psychological system. It illustrates how maternal models represented by Nana, Fariba, and later Mariam herself shape the identities of Mariam and Laila during processes of internalization, resistance, and transformation. Combining literary analysis with psychological theory, the novelty of this research lies in its interdisciplinary approach, particularly the concepts of intergenerational trauma, internalized maternal voice, and surrogate motherhood. This article highlights the internal psychological mechanisms that determine how female characters perceive themselves and make life decisions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Maternal Discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: Identity Construction
  topic: keywords
subject: Intergenerational Transmission
  topic: keywords
subject: Trauma Theory
  topic: keywords
subject: Maternal Subjectivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Surrogate Motherhood
  topic: keywords
subject: Narrative Psychology
  topic: keywords
subject: Gendered Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Literary Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mustafoeva Makhfuza Anvarovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mustafoeva Makhfuza Anvarovna (Author)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 33
ending page: 36
doi: 10.5281/

Parental Responsibility and The Pedagogical-Psychological Characteristics of Educational Position
type: item
description: This article explores parental responsibility and educational position as interrelated pedagogical and psychological constructs that determine the effectiveness of family upbringing. Parental responsibility is conceptualized as a conscious moral and psychological commitment to the child’s development, while educational position is understood as a stable system of values, orientations, and interaction strategies guiding parental educational influence. The paper analyzes the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions of these constructs and demonstrates their regulatory role in shaping the child’s autonomy, value system, and social behavior. It is argued that a reflective and value-based educational position enhances the pedagogical potential of parental responsibility and contributes to sustainable personality development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Parental Responsibility
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Position
  topic: keywords
subject: Parenting
  topic: keywords
subject: Personality Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Pedagogical Psychology
  topic: keywords
subject: Family Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Kodirova Nilufar Abdusattor kizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-04-08
publication date: 2026-04-08
starting page: 27
ending page: 32
doi: 10.5281/

Integrating Digital Technologies to Enhance Teaching and Learning
type: item
description: The integration of technology in education has emerged as a transformative approach to enhance the quality of teaching and learning processes in the 21st century. This paper explores the concept, significance, and practical implications of integrating digital tools into classroom practices. Technology integration refers to the effective use of digital resources such as computers, learning management systems, multimedia tools, and internet-based platforms to facilitate meaningful learning experiences. The study highlights how the incorporation of technology supports innovative pedagogical approaches, promotes student-centred learning, and encourages active engagement among learners. The paper examines various forms of digital tools, including interactive whiteboards, online learning platforms, educational applications, and multimedia content, which enable teachers to present information in diverse and engaging ways. It also discusses how technology fosters collaboration, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills among students, thereby preparing them for the demands of a knowledge-based society. Furthermore, the role of teachers is emphasized as facilitators and guides who must adapt to technological advancements and continuously update their digital competencies. Despite its numerous advantages, the integration of technology also presents certain challenges such as lack of infrastructure, inadequate training, digital divide, and resistance to change among educators. The study identifies these barriers and suggests strategies to overcome them, including professional development programs, policy support, and investment in educational technology infrastructure. Special attention is given to the importance of developing digital literacy among both teachers and students to ensure the effective utilization of technological tools. The findings of the study indicate that when technology is thoughtfully and systematically integrated into the teaching-learning process, it…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Technology Integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Tools
  topic: keywords
subject: Teaching-Learning Process
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Student Engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Literacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Nabanita Nayak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-04-06
publication date: 2026-04-06
starting page: 18
ending page: 26
doi: 10.5281/

Social Media Exposure Improves Students’ Writing Skills in English 8
type: item
description: Social media is a part of growing and parcel of our daily lives. As young generation have been interacting on social media on a constant basis, writing is one of the skills by means of which they interact. This research study aims to explore the potential of using social media to develop the students’ writing skills. A survey was conducted to explore the tendency of using different tenets or forms of social media by English 8 students at Buburay National High School in Dimataling 2 District. School Year 2020-2021. The instrument used in this study was descriptive method and a survey questionnaire for the Social Media Exposure of the students. A Social Media exposure was carried out to compare students’ English writing skill after discussion on Google meet or zoom to get depth information about students’ attitude towards use of social media platforms. The results of survey point out that most students use and have easy access to social media through their gadgets. The study found that using social media for lesson discussions helps students enhance their writing skills. Moreover, using social media in writing informative essays was an easy, motivating and interesting experience to use for writing practice. Most of the students were of the view that it is a new experience of learning writing by engaging in discussion with peers and teachers through using google meet platforms. However, this study employs the descriptive method design as a means of researching the reciprocity between social media use and the students’ writing skills. The findings have indicated that students at Buburay National High School students’ social media use habits exert significant impacts on the students’ writing skills and the most these are susceptible to potential risks of the use of social media. The reported findings gave sufficient proof that social media is a convenient tool to develop better students’ writing skills. Hence, social media literacy should be integrated into the curriculu…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Writing Skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Accessibility
  topic: keywords
subject: Analytical Thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Content Creation
  topic: keywords
creator: Wingie A. Languido
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 124
ending page: 136
doi: 10.5281/

Statistical Analysis of Attitude Indicators Towards Psychological Services Among Higher Education Students Based on Age Factors
type: item
description: The article presents a statistical analysis of the attitude of higher education students towards psychological services based on their age characteristics. The study utilized the Kruskal-Wallis H test to determine the role of the age factor in seeking psychological help and evaluating the psychologist's performance. The results proved that students' opinions about the university psychologist significantly differ across age groups (p < 0.01). Specifically, it was found that 23-year-old students have the highest positive evaluation of the psychologist's activity, while 17-year-old students showed the lowest results.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Students
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological service
  topic: keywords
subject: age factor
  topic: keywords
subject: attitude
  topic: keywords
subject: Kruskal-Wallis H test
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological assistance
  topic: keywords
subject: university psychologist
  topic: keywords
creator: Yadgarova Ozoda Ibragimovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-05
publication date: 2026-04-05
starting page: 13
ending page: 17
doi: 10.5281/

The Role of Language in Human Communication: Cognitive, Social, and Technological Dimensions in the Digital Era
type: item
description: Language is a fundamental medium of human communication, serving not only as a tool for information exchange but also as a mechanism for constructing meaning, identity, and social relationships. In the context of rapid technological transformation and globalization, the role of language has expanded beyond traditional boundaries, integrating with digital platforms, artificial intelligence, and multimodal communication systems. This study aims to explore the multifaceted nature of language in communication by examining its cognitive, social, and technological dimensions. Using a qualitative analytical approach based on recent interdisciplinary literature, the research investigates how language shapes human interaction, influences perception, and adapts within digital environments. The findings reveal that language functions as a dynamic system that evolves in response to socio-cultural and technological changes. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence and digital media has transformed communication patterns, creating new challenges related to meaning interpretation, authenticity, and ethical considerations. The study concludes that understanding language in contemporary communication requires a holistic perspective that combines linguistic theory, cognitive science, and digital literacy. The implications of this research are significant for education, communication studies, and the development of effective communication strategies in a technologically mediated world.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Language
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
creator: Ravshonbek Khudayberganov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-04-05
publication date: 2026-04-05
starting page: 6
ending page: 12
doi: 10.5281/

Impact of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Student Attention and Learning Outcomes
type: item
description: In contemporary educational contexts, students face unprecedented cognitive, emotional, and social demands. Academic pressures, digital distractions, and mental health challenges contribute to decreased attention, heightened stress, and diminished learning outcomes. Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have emerged as a promising pedagogical and therapeutic approach to enhance student focus, emotional regulation, and academic performance. Mindfulness, broadly defined as purposeful, non-judgmental awareness of the present moment, can be cultivated through structured practices such as meditation, mindful breathing, body scans, and mindful movement. This research article explores the theoretical underpinnings of MBIs, reviews empirical evidence on their effects on attention and learning, and examines mechanisms through which mindfulness enhances cognitive functioning and academic engagement. Additionally, the study addresses challenges in implementing MBIs in educational settings and provides best practice recommendations for integrating mindfulness into curricula. The findings underscore the potential of mindfulness as a transformative tool to foster attentional control, self-regulation, and holistic learning outcomes in students across developmental stages.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mindfulness
  topic: keywords
subject: Attention
  topic: keywords
subject: Executive Function
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-Regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Emotional Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Academic Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Development
  topic: keywords
creator: Sk Sanuar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-02-24
publication date: 2026-02-24
starting page: 470
ending page: 476
doi: 10.5281/

Methodological Challenges in Contemporary Linguistics
type: item
description: Contemporary linguistics is characterized by methodological diversity, interdisciplinary integration, and rapid development of new research approaches. While this diversity creates new opportunities for linguistic analysis, it also generates serious methodological challenges related to the choice of theoretical framework, research methods, and interpretation of linguistic data. The present article examines the main methodological problems faced by modern linguistics, including the conflict between formal and functional approaches, the integration of cognitive and social perspectives, the influence of interdisciplinary research, and the difficulties of combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Special attention is given to the problem of methodological inconsistency, which often arises when linguistic research is conducted without a clear theoretical basis. The study argues that contemporary linguistics requires a flexible but systematic methodological model that allows the integration of different approaches while preserving scientific reliability. The article demonstrates that the future development of linguistics depends on the ability of researchers to overcome methodological contradictions and to create unified principles for linguistic analysis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Contemporary Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Research Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Interdisciplinary Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Functional Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Theory
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodological Problems
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern Linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Scientific Methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Mustaqimov Yusufbek Mansur o’g’li
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-04-03
publication date: 2026-04-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.5281/

Integration of Foreign Experiences in Developing Socio-Historical Competencies of Engineering Students
type: item
description: This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of integrating foreign educational experiences into the process of developing socio-historical competencies among engineering students. Within the framework of the study, competency-based approaches widely applied in the higher education systems of developed countries, interdisciplinary education models, and the role of digital pedagogical technologies in engineering education were systematically analyzed. In particular, the mechanisms for shaping students’ historical thinking, social responsibility, and civic engagement through the integration of engineering disciplines with humanities and social sciences are explored. The research findings indicate that adapting foreign educational experiences while considering the historical, cultural, and social characteristics of the national education system contributes to improving the quality of engineering education, enriching educational content, and preparing students not only as professionals but also as socially mature individuals. This article serves as an important foundation for developing scientific and practical recommendations aimed at modernizing engineering education and enhancing socio-historical competencies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Engineering Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-Historical Competence
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Experience
  topic: keywords
subject: Integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Competency-Based Approach
  topic: keywords
creator: Samadkulova Gulzoda Rahmatillayevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-31
publication date: 2026-03-31
starting page: 119
ending page: 123
doi: 10.5281/

Invisible on Screen, Visible in Struggle: Dalit Feminism between Media Representation and Grassroots Politics
type: item
description: This study is situated within the historical context of colonial and imperial legacies in India, which have significantly shaped knowledge systems, media representations, and political structures through entrenched caste and gender hierarchies. Despite the expansion of democratic and cultural spaces, Dalit women continue to face systemic marginalization, particularly in cinema, media narratives, and political participation. Addressing this gap, the study adopts Dalit feminist epistemology as its central analytical framework to critically examine how power operates across cultural and institutional domains. Methodologically, the paper employs a qualitative and critical analytical approach, drawing on theoretical insights from Dalit feminism, intersectionality, and decolonial studies. It analyses patterns of representation in cinema and media, alongside the role of Dalit women in grassroots political movements and activism, to understand both exclusionary mechanisms and forms of resistance. The findings reveal that dominant media and cultural industries largely reproduce stereotypes, invisibility, and narrative control, reinforcing epistemic inequality and limiting the agency of Dalit women. Simultaneously, the study highlights that Dalit women’s participation in social and political movements generates alternative discourses that challenge hegemonic knowledge systems and assert their role as active knowledge producers. The study concludes that addressing these inequalities requires a decolonial and intersectional rethinking of representation, knowledge, and power. It emphasizes the need for inclusive media practices, equitable political engagement, and the recognition of marginalized voices as central to achieving epistemic justice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dalit Feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: Colonialism
  topic: keywords
subject: Imperialism
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Representation
  topic: keywords
subject: Cinema Studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Barun Das
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-31
publication date: 2026-03-31
starting page: 110
ending page: 118
doi: 10.5281/

Role of Civil Society Organisations in Environmental Protection
type: item
description: Civil society organisations (CSOs) have emerged as indispensable actors in global and local environmental governance. This paper undertakes a systematic and empirical examination of the multifaceted roles played by CSOs in environmental protection, covering policy advocacy, environmental monitoring, community mobilisation, strategic litigation, and international networking. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, longitudinal engagement data, and illustrative case studies from both developed and developing nations, the study constructs a conceptual framework linking CSO mechanisms to measurable environmental outcomes. Results indicate that CSOs are not peripheral actors but central nodes in multi-stakeholder environmental governance architectures. Quantitative analysis reveals that approximately 87% of surveyed CSOs engage in policy advocacy, while 91% are involved in community mobilisation efforts. Engagement indices have risen substantially across all country income groups between 2000 and 2023. The paper further identifies persistent structural challenges—including funding volatility, regulatory suppression, and institutional marginalisation—that constrain CSO effectiveness. These findings carry direct implications for policymakers, donors, and civil society practitioners seeking to optimise the contribution of non-state actors to sustainability transitions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Policy advocacy
  topic: keywords
subject: community mobilisation
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: strategic litigation
  topic: keywords
creator: Arpita Chakraborty
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2025-07-26
publication date: 2025-07-26
starting page: 62
ending page: 72
doi: 10.5281/

Fixation of Criminal Liability on Public Servant for Violation of RTI Law
type: item
description: This article looks closely at whether public officials should face criminal consequences when they deliberately violate the Right to Information Act, 2005 (RTI). It highlights a clear gap between what the law provides—penalties and disciplinary action under Sections 19 and 20—and what actually happens in practice. Despite these provisions, the Central and State Information Commissions have used them sparingly, which has contributed to a growing backlog of appeals and a sense that such violations often go unpunished. Drawing on empirical studies and annual data from the Central Information Commission, the paper argues that civil penalties alone have not been enough to discourage officials from intentionally withholding, destroying, or even falsifying information. To address this, it explores how provisions under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS) could be applied to hold public servants criminally accountable for such conduct. The article then explains what needs to be proven to establish criminal liability—such as the official’s status as a public servant, the existence of a legal duty, deliberate disobedience, and an intention to cause harm. At the same time, it acknowledges concerns about possible misuse of criminal law and suggests safeguards to ensure that accountability measures remain fair and balanced.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Right to Information
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Servant
  topic: keywords
subject: Criminal Liability
  topic: keywords
subject: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
  topic: keywords
creator: Prayas Dansana
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2024-08-30
publication date: 2024-08-30
starting page: 512
ending page: 520
doi: 10.5281/

Technologies for the Formation of Creative Thinking Through Interactive and Innovative Approaches to Teaching Physics
type: item
description: This article highlights effective pedagogical technologies for the formation and development of creative thinking in students in the process of teaching physics. The study analyzed the issues of independent thinking of students, the ability to find solutions in problem situations and the development of creative approach skills through the use of interactive and innovative approaches in physics lessons. Also, the importance of methods such as problem education, project-based teaching, “brainstorming”, cluster, “mental attack”, debate, “case-study” in mastering physics topics is scientifically based. The article describes the didactic conditions for integrating interactive methods into the course process, new requirements for the activities of the teacher, as well as mechanisms for creating an innovative educational environment. According to the results of the study, it was found that the educational process, based on interactive and innovative approaches, has a high efficiency in connecting theoretical knowledge of students with practice, forming a culture of scientific thinking and developing creative thinking. This article contains scientific and practical recommendations aimed at modernizing the process of physical education and improving the effectiveness of the quality of Education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Physics education
  topic: keywords
subject: creative thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: innovative approach
  topic: keywords
subject: interactive methods
  topic: keywords
subject: problem Education
  topic: keywords
subject: case-study
  topic: keywords
subject: project-based teaching
  topic: keywords
subject: creative competence
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusupov Kodirjan Batirovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-31
publication date: 2026-03-31
starting page: 104
ending page: 109
doi: 10.5281/

Karim Yoldoshev’s Directing: The Poetics of Stage Space and Visual Solutions
type: item
description: This article examines the specific features of stage space organization and the poetics of visual solutions in the directing work of Karim Yoldoshev. Special attention is given to the director’s approach to constructing stage composition, the relationship between actor movement and spatial dynamics, and the aesthetic and symbolic functions of stage design. The study analyzes how visual elements such as lighting, color, stage design, and spatial arrangement contribute to revealing the dramatic meaning and forming a unified artistic image. In addition, the article highlights the role of visual metaphor and expressive movement in strengthening the emotional impact of theatrical performance. The research concludes that Yoldoshev’s directing style is distinguished by a synthesis of traditional and modern theatrical approaches, where stage space serves not only as a physical setting but also as an essential semantic element of the performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Karim Yoldoshev
  topic: keywords
subject: Directing
  topic: keywords
subject: Stage Space
  topic: keywords
subject: Visual Solutions
  topic: keywords
subject: Stage Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Theatrical Art
  topic: keywords
subject: Visual Poetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Composition
  topic: keywords
subject: Symbolism
  topic: keywords
subject: Artistic Image
  topic: keywords
creator: Anvar Ganikhodjaevich Turopkhodjaev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
starting page: 98
ending page: 103
doi: 10.5281/

Assessing the Effectiveness of Visual Support Strategies in Enhancing the Reading Achievement of Inclusive Learners
type: item
description: This study examined the effectiveness of visual support strategies in enhancing reading comprehension, vocabulary, and phonological awareness among inclusive learners at Corella National High School. Pre-test results revealed notable gaps in comprehension and vocabulary, with 30% of learners at the beginner level and 35% at beginner or intermediate stages in vocabulary. Phonological awareness, however, showed a strong baseline. Following the intervention, post-test outcomes demonstrated significant improvement: no learners remained at the beginner stage in comprehension, vocabulary scores stabilized with a high concentration in the advanced category, and phonological awareness uniformly reached advanced levels. These findings underscore the role of visual support strategies in scaffolding comprehension, reducing cognitive load, and fostering learner independence. The structured and multimodal approach provided clarity, predictability, and accessibility, enabling learners to better organize information, anticipate tasks, and strengthen literacy outcomes. Recommendations emphasize embedding visual support strategies into daily instruction, prioritizing teacher capacity-building, customizing tools for learner differentiation, institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation, and aligning policies with institutional goals of equity and professionalization. Overall, the study affirmed that visual support strategies are a sustainable and scalable pedagogical strategy that promotes inclusivity, strengthens literacy achievement, and supports diverse learners in varied educational contexts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Special Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Visual schedules
  topic: keywords
subject: Inclusive education
  topic: keywords
subject: Reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: Vocabulary development
  topic: keywords
subject: Phonological awareness
  topic: keywords
creator: Marife P. Aleman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-28
publication date: 2026-03-28
starting page: 65
ending page: 97
doi: 10.5281/

The Fractured Dream: Identity and Disillusionment in Modern American Fiction
type: item
description: The modern American fiction represents identity as unstable, fragmented, and deeply shaped by social disillusionment. Through shifting narrators, psychological conflict, and alienated protagonists, these works portray individuals struggling to define themselves within cultures marked by materialism, war, racism, gender expectations, and emotional isolation. The “fractured dream” becomes a central metaphor for the collapse of the American Dream, revealing how promises of success, freedom, and self-realization often lead instead to confusion and despair. Recurring themes of alienation, loss, memory, and resistance, the paper argues that modern American fiction exposes the tension between personal identity and national ideals. These texts do not merely depict individual crisis; they also critique the larger structures that produce disillusionment. Modern American fiction presents identity as a site of struggle, reflecting both the broken promises of modern life and the enduring human search for meaning and belonging.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Modern American fiction
  topic: keywords
subject: identity
  topic: keywords
subject: disillusionment
  topic: keywords
subject: alienation
  topic: keywords
subject: American Dream
  topic: keywords
creator: Sukumar Pradhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-24
publication date: 2026-03-24
starting page: 56
ending page: 64

Assessing Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and its Influence on the Delivery of Quality Instruction in Mainstreamed Classrooms
type: item
description: This study examined the relationship between teachers’ perceived self-efficacy and their actual teaching performance in mainstreamed classrooms at Dapa Central Elementary School & SPED Center during the 2025–2026 school year, serving as a basis for an Action Plan. Demographic data, including age, gender, educational attainment, position, teaching experience, and participation in inclusive education trainings, were collected. Data were gathered through a structured survey measuring teachers’ perceived self-efficacy and actual classroom practices. Frequency counts, percentages, and weighted means analyzed levels of self-efficacy and teaching performance, while Pearson’s correlation coefficient determined the relationship between the variables. Findings showed a predominantly young and female workforce, mostly aged 20–29 years with bachelor’s degrees. Teacher I comprised the largest group, and most had six to ten years of experience. Participation in inclusive education seminars was limited. Teachers reported high self-efficacy in assessing student progress and using results to improve instruction but lower confidence in collaborating with Special Education/Resource Teachers and providing individualized accommodations. Actual teaching performance was generally effective, with strengths in classroom management and differentiated instruction, while collaborative practices were less frequent. Correlation analysis revealed a negligible negative and non-significant relationship between perceived self-efficacy and teaching performance, indicating that confidence does not necessarily predict instructional effectiveness. The study concluded that while teachers demonstrate strong classroom performance, gaps in collaboration and individualized support persist. An Action Plan is recommended to enhance self-efficacy and teaching performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Special Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Teacher Self-Efficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Teaching Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Professional Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Descriptive Correlational Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Dapa
  topic: keywords
subject: Surigao del Norte
  topic: keywords
creator: Maria Erelyn D. De Asis
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
starting page: 19
ending page: 55

Evaluation of the Trends of Students’ Academic Performance in Basic Science in Secondary Schools in a Hoada East LGA (2020–2024)
type: item
description: The study investigated the trends in students’ performance in basic science in secondary schools in Ahoada East LGA. The study adopted a descriptive survey design with a trend analysis approach. The population comprise all junior secondary school’s students in public and private schools. A sample size of 200 students was selected through the stratified random sampling techniques. The study was guided by 4 research questions and also four null hypotheses was formulated and tested at 0.05 alpha level. Data were gathered through the student’s termly results for a period of five years. Data was analysed using the mean and SD for the research Questions while the t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the testing of the null hypotheses. The results show that student’s performance fluctuated over the years with 2021 having the lowest and 2024 recording the highly. There was a significant difference among the group, while students’ gender did not have a significant effect on student’s performance trend in basic science during the period under study. Also, there was no significant difference in the performance trends between urban and rural schools. Contrarily, school type had a significant influence on student performance trends during the study period. Based on the results, it recommended that.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Basic science
  topic: keywords
subject: performance
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: trends
  topic: keywords
subject: secondary schools
  topic: keywords
creator: Joseph Endurance Ayibatonye
creator: Mgbomo, Tubonemi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 112
ending page: 121

Effect of Model- Lead-Test (MLT) Instructional Strategy on Students Academic Performance in Basic Science in Secondary Schools in Rivers State
type: item
description: Improving students’ academic achievement in Basic Science remains a critical challenge in Nigerian secondary schools, as traditional teacher-centered methods often limit engagement and conceptual understanding. Despite evidence supporting interactive instructional strategies, there is limited empirical research on the application of the Model–Lead–Test (MLT) strategy at the junior secondary level. This study adopted a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group, involving 100 Junior Secondary 2 students from two public schools. The experimental group (n = 50) received MLT instruction, while the control group (n = 50) was taught using the conventional lecture method. Data were collected using the 40-item Basic Science Achievement Test (BSAT) and analyzed with mean, standard deviation, and ANCOVA. Results indicated that the experimental group achieved a higher mean gain (4.00) than the control group (3.70), although the difference was not statistically significant (F(1,97) = 3.37, p = 0.069). Gender did not significantly influence performance. It is recommended that MLT be adopted alongside extended instructional periods to enhance learning outcomes, fostering deeper engagement and improved academic performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Model-lead-test
  topic: keywords
subject: strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: performance
  topic: keywords
subject: basic science
  topic: keywords
subject: secondary schools
  topic: keywords
creator: Joseph, Endurance Ayibatonye
creator: Abbey-Kalio, Ibiyengibo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 163
ending page: 173

Self-Efficacy among Undergraduate Students in West Bengal: A Multidimensional Analysis
type: item
description: Self-efficacy, defined as individuals' beliefs in their capabilities to organize and execute actions required for achieving specific goals, constitutes a foundational construct in educational psychology with profound implications for academic achievement and career development. This study investigated self-efficacy levels among 639 undergraduate students (186 male, 453 female) from 16 colleges across four districts of West Bengal, India, examining variations across gender, geographical location, family income, family type, and scholastic stream. A comprehensive Self-Efficacy Scale was developed and validated, initially comprising 63 items across 10 dimensions. Following expert validation (κ > 0.75) and reliability analysis (Cronbach's α = 0.915), factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure explaining 63.571% of total variance: Personal Competence and Confidence (16 items, α = 0.799), Persistence and Resilience (15 items, α = 0.802), and Adaptability and Problem Solving (13 items, α = 0.816). Results indicated that 32.7% of students demonstrated high self-efficacy (scores 138-217), 11.3% moderate self-efficacy (scores 116-137), and 56.0% low self-efficacy (scores 44-115). Arts students (M = 116.57, SD = 35.80) showed significantly higher self-efficacy than Science students (M = 106.21, SD = 35.52; t = 2.90, p < 0.01). No significant gender differences emerged, though females (n=145 in high category) outnumbered males (n=63). Urban students (n=146 in high category) demonstrated stronger self-efficacy than rural students (n=62). Students from nuclear families (n=113 in high category) and middle-income families (₹10,001-20,000: n=95 in high category) showed highest self-efficacy. The findings highlight the need for targeted self-efficacy enhancement programmes, particularly for Science students, rural youth, and students from lower-income families.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Undergraduate Students
  topic: keywords
subject: Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory
  topic: keywords
subject: Scholastic Stream
  topic: keywords
subject: Demographic Factors
  topic: keywords
creator: Monalisa Maitra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2025-06-15
publication date: 2025-06-15
starting page: 105
ending page: 111

The Importance of STEAM Education in Helping Students Acquire Life Skills
type: item
description: Developing students' creative abilities, ensuring their multifaceted personal development, and creating conditions for them to acquire the necessary organizational and managerial skills are among the urgent tasks in the school education system. This holds great importance in shaping their life skills
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Law
  topic: keywords
subject: society
  topic: keywords
subject: community
  topic: keywords
subject: ability
  topic: keywords
subject: competence
  topic: keywords
subject: skill
  topic: keywords
subject: STEAM
  topic: keywords
subject: decision
  topic: keywords
subject: activity
  topic: keywords
subject: culture
  topic: keywords
subject: activity/engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: citizenship
  topic: keywords
subject: collectivism/teamwork
  topic: keywords
creator: Ashirov Shamshidin Annazarovich
creator: Imankulov Nurbek Tursunkul o‘g‘li
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
date: 2026-03-08
publication date: 2026-03-08
starting page: 13
ending page: 18