Abstract
Congenital malformations in the female reproductive tract (CMFRT) pose significant clinical challenges, manifesting as obstructive symptoms, pain, and reduced fertility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes regarding safety, efficacy, and reproductive results following the repair of CMFRT in patients. A cross-sectional study was performed involving 66 patients who underwent surgery for the correction of congenital malformations affecting the female genital tract from March 2024 to March 2025. The ESHRE/ESGE system was used to group the anomalies. The main outcomes were the rates of complications during and after surgery (using the Clavien-Dindo classification), the success of the surgery in terms of anatomy, the resolution of symptoms, and the reproductive outcome for those trying to get pregnant. Abdominal pain that occurred on was the most common reported symptom (63.6%). Obstructive abnormalities (57.6%), as well as uterine septa (U2, 37.9%), were the most frequent findings and indications. Laparoscopic-assisted surgery was the most often utilized modality (43.9%). Postoperative complications were mostly minor (Clavien-Dindo I-II, 27.3%); intraoperative complications were observed in 16.7%, primarily hemorrhage (6.1%). In 100% of obstructive/neovaginal procedures and 87.9% of uterine procedures, anatomical success was attained. Dyspareunia (89.5%), pelvic pain (92.9%), and dysmenorrhea (92.1%) all showed notable symptom improvement. The incidence of conception was 71.4% and the rate of live birth was 80% among the 28 patients who sought to conceive. 10.6% had intrauterine adhesions. 87.9% of patients expressed satisfaction or high satisfaction with the results of their surgery. Surgical correction of CMFRT, by a variety of minimally invasive and open methods, is marked by high success in anatomical correction, complete cessation of symptoms, and favorable reproductive outcomes. Complications are usually minor, and satisfaction with the result is extremely high. Multidisciplinary individualized surgical treatment is effective in the management of these complex disorders.